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Bremen

Free Hanseatic City of Bremen is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany. A port city on the Weser, about 60 km (37 miles) south of the confluence of the North Sea, Bremen is part of the metropolitan area of Bremen-Oldenburg area (2.37 million people). Bremen and Bremerhaven, the two cities in the state of Bremen (official name: Freie Hansestadt Bremen 1 (Free Hanseatic City of Bremen). Bremen is the second largest city in northern Germany and tenth in Germany. In Bremen, there are Meher business, electric scooter <;/strong> for sale or rent.

By the end of the 1360S Bremen loans granted to Albert II to finance his lavish lifestyle, and in return won the fort V?rde and charges levied in connection Bailiwick as collateral for the loans. Back in Bremen, 1369 to Albert II gave to the safety of his mint and his privilege of the coin, from now on, run through the city council. Bremen, bought in 1377 - of Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-L?neburg - many of the prince-archbishop's castle, which Albert had pledged as collateral for a loan to its predecessor, Frederick, so Bremen gained a strong position in the Archdiocese of Prince pushed to their actual rulers aside.

In fact, however, Bremen has not fully independent of the prince-archbishops, in which there is no freedom of religion and citizens are still forced to pay taxes to the prince archbishops. Bremen played a dual role, she participated in the diets of Neighboured Prince archbishopric of Bremen under the Bremian Estates and paid for his share of the taxes, at least when it had previously consented to the collection. Since the city was the large taxpayers, their agreement was generally sought. How this exercise, the city, tax and political power in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Prince, while the city would rather not admit that the prince decided archdiocese in the city against their consent. In 1260 Bremen joined the Hanseatic League.

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Soon after the start of the Thirty Years' War, "Bremen's neutrality, as most of the areas in the Lower Saxony district. John Frederick, administrator of the Lutheran princes Archbishopric of Bremen, trying desperately to keep his archdiocese prince of the war, in full compliance with the estates and the city of Bremen. When in 1623 the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, which fought in the Eighty Years' s for their independence against Spanish and Imperial troops of Habsburg, "demanded that involve their co-religionists Reformed Bremen in mind, the city refused, however, started to his fortifications enforce.

In 1380, Ritter's family and other Mandelsloh Verdiane Bremian and robber barons devastated citizens of Bremen and people throughout the Archdiocese of Prince Bremen. Successfully in 1381 the city completed the robbery troops and captured the castle Bederkesa and the accompanying advocacy, which they could hold until November 1654 when, after the Second Bremian Bremen had to cede Bederkesa and Lehe (now a part of Bremerhaven) to Bremen war -- Verden. In 1386, the city of Bremen has the noble families keep the estates of Altluneburg (part of present-day marine village) and Elmlohe, his vassals.

Albert II sought benefits from the 1366 conflict between Bremen and the Council, the guilds, whose members are driven to take some councilors from the city. If these councils Albert II called for help, many artisans and hand holding this betrayal of citizens of the city. Appealing to princes provoke, abolish the city autonomy. On the night of 29 May 1366 Albert troops invaded the city. Thereafter, the city had to do homage to him again, the Roland statue, symbol of the autonomy of the city was demolished and a new council was appointed. In the new Council back, granted a loan of Albert to the enormous sum of 20,000 Bremian Marks. But city councils, the Council, which fled to the County of Oldenburg gained the support of the count and took the city on 27 June 1366 The members of the Council were considered a traitor and beheaded, with interruptions, and the city back its de facto autonomy. Since the city of Bremen, since quite a long time to keep an autonomous status in almost complete independence, traded by the Prince-Archbishop. Albert was the city of Bremen, a second issue, as he always short of money and without the support of his family, the Guelphs, who fought the war Luneburgian Years' War (1370-1388).

Charles the Great, king of the Franks, has a new law, the Lex Saxonum. This law states that Saxon could not worship Odin (the god of the Saxons), but that they convert to Christianity on pain of death. This period has been as the Christianization. In 787 Willehad was the first bishop of Bremen. In 848 of the Diocese of Hamburg merged with the diocese of Bremen, and in the following centuries the bishops of Bremen were the driving force behind the Christianization of northern Germany. The [888 obtained clarification required] Archbishop Rimbert, Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia, the Carolingian kings of East Francia, and the market, coin and customs law.

the prince in 1186 and Archbishop Hartwig of Bremian Uthlede and his bailiff confirmed in Bremen - in general, without forgoing the prince-archbishop's rule over the city - the privilege of Gelnhausen, with whom Frederick I Barbarossa granted the city substantial privileges. The city was recognized as a political entity of its own. Homes within the city limits are not subject to the feudal rule was the same applies to the acquisition of property bondsmen if they managed to live in the city for one year and one day, after which they were regarded as free persons. This property was to be passed freely and without any reversion to feudal claims. This privilege was the foundation for the later state of Bremen) of imperial immediacy (Free Imperial City.